Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo komthamo wokucwengisiswa komhlaba wonke, izindinganiso zomkhiqizo kawoyela eziqinile, kanye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwesidingo sezinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali, ukusetshenziswa kwezisusa zokucwenga kube kumkhuba wokukhula okuqhubekayo. Phakathi kwazo, ukukhula okusheshayo kukwezomnotho emisha nasemazweni asathuthuka.
Ngenxa yezinto ezingahluziwe ezihlukene, imikhiqizo kanye nezakhiwo zemishini yendawo yokuhluza ngayinye, ukuze kusetshenziswe ama-catalyst aqondiswe kakhulu ukuze kutholwe umkhiqizo ofanele noma izinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali, ukukhethwa kwama-catalyst anokuguquguquka okungcono noma ukukhetha kungaxazulula izinkinga ezibalulekile zezindawo zokucwenga ezahlukahlukene futhi amadivaysi ahlukene.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, e-Asia Pacific, e-Afrika naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, inani elisetshenziswayo kanye nezinga lokukhula kwazo zonke izinto ezikhuthazayo, okuhlanganisa ukucwengwa, i-polymerization, ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali, njll. kuphezulu kunezifunda ezithuthukisiwe eYurophu nase-United States.
Esikhathini esizayo, ukwanda kwe-petroli hydrogenation kuzoba okukhulu kakhulu, kulandelwa i-distillate hydrogenation ephakathi, i-FCC, i-isomerization, i-hydrocracking, i-naphtha hydrogenation, i-heavy oil (amafutha asele) i-hydrogenation, i-alkylation (i-superposition), i-reforming, njll, kanye nokuhambisanayo Isidingo se-catalyst sizokhuphuka ngokufanayo.
Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yemijikelezo ehlukene yokusetshenziswa kwezisusa ezihlukahlukene zokucwenga uwoyela, inani lama-catalysts okucwengwa kukawoyela alikwazi ukwanda ngokunwetshwa kwamandla. Ngokwezibalo zokuthengisa ezimakethe, ukuthengiswa kakhulu ama-hydrogenation catalysts (i-hydrotreating ne-hydrocracking, ebalelwa ku-46% wesamba), kulandelwa ama-catalysts e-FCC (40%), alandelwe ama-catalysts ashintshayo (8%), ama-alkylation catalysts (5%). nabanye (1%).
Nazi izici eziyinhloko zama-catalyst ezivela ezinkampanini ezimbalwa ezidumile emhlabeni jikelele:
1. Izimbazo
I-Axens yasungulwa ngoJuni 30, 2001, ngokuhlanganiswa komnyango wokudlulisa ubuchwepheshe we-Institut Francais du Petrole (IFP) kanye neProcatalyse Catalysts and Additives.
I-Axens yibhizinisi elizimele elisebenzisa cishe iminyaka engama-70 yocwaningo nentuthuko kanye nempumelelo yezimboni ze-French Institute of Petroleum Research ukwenza inqubo yokunikeza amalayisense, ukwakheka kwezitshalo kanye nezinsizakalo ezihlobene, ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo (ama-catalysts nama-adsorbent) yokucwenga, amakhemikhali e-petrochemicals. kanye nokukhiqizwa kwegesi.
Ama-catalyst nama-adsorbent e-Axens athengiswa kakhulu eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu.
Le nkampani inohlu olugcwele lwama-catalysts, Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-catalysts ombhede ovikelayo, izinto zebanga, ama-distillate hydrotreating catalysts, ama-residual hydrotreating catalysts, ama-hydrocracking catalysts, ama-catalysts okubuyisela isulfure (Claus), ama-catalysts wokwelapha igesi yomsila, inqubo ye-Hydrogenation ama-catalysts kanye nama-hydrogenation catalysts akhethiwe), ama-reforming and isomerization catalysts (reforming catalysts, isomerization) Catalysts), ama-biofuels kanye namanye ama-catalysts akhethekile kanye nama-Fischer-Tropsch catalysts, ama-olefin dimerization catalysts, nawo ahlinzeka ngenani lezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-5, isamba sezinhlobo ezi-5.
2. LyondellBasell
Ikomkhulu leLyondellbasell lihlala eRotterdam, eNetherlands.
Yasungulwa ngo-December 2007, i-Basel ingumkhiqizi omkhulu we-polyolefin emhlabeni. I-Basell ithole iLyondellChemicals ngo-$12.7 billion ukwakha iLyondellBasell Industries entsha. Le nkampani ihlelwe yaba amayunithi ebhizinisi amane: Ibhizinisi Lezibaseli, Ibhizinisi Lamakhemikhali, Ibhizinisi Le-Polymer, Ubuchwepheshe Nokucwaninga Nokuthuthukiswa Kwebhizinisi; Inezimboni ezingaphezu kuka-60 emazweni angu-19, futhi imikhiqizo yayo idayiswa emazweni angaphezu kuka-100 emhlabeni jikelele, nabasebenzi abangu-15,000. Lapho isungulwa, yaba inkampani yesithathu enkulu kunazo zonke yamakhemikhali ezimele emhlabeni.
Ngokugxila ku-olefin, i-polyolefin nokuphuma okuhlobene okuhlobene, ukutholwa kwe-Lyander Chemicals kwandisa indawo ephansi yenkampani kumakhemikhali e-petrochemicals, kuqinisa isikhundla sayo sobuholi ku-polyolefin, futhi kuqinisa isikhundla sayo ku-propylene oxide (PO), imikhiqizo exhunywe ku-PO i-styrene monomer ne-methyl. i-tert-butyl ether (MTBE), kanye nasemikhiqizweni ye-acetyl. Futhi okuphuma ku-PO njenge-butanediol ne-propylene glycol ethers isikhundla esiholayo;
I-Lyondellbasell Industries ingenye yezinkampani ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ze-polymer, petrochemical and fuel. Umholi womhlaba wonke kwezobuchwepheshe be-polyolefin, ukukhiqizwa kanye nemakethe; Ingumsunguli we-propylene oxide kanye nokuphuma kwayo. Umkhiqizi obalulekile wamafutha kawoyela kanye nemikhiqizo yawo ecolisisiwe, okuhlanganisa ama-biofuels;
I-Lyondellbasell ikleliswe kuqala emhlabeni kumthamo wokukhiqiza we-polypropylene kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-polypropylene catalyst. Umthamo wokukhiqiza we-propylene oxide usendaweni yesibili emhlabeni. Umthamo wokukhiqiza we-polyethylene ukleliswe endaweni yesithathu emhlabeni; Ikleliswe endaweni yesine emhlabeni emandleni okukhiqiza i-propylene ne-ethylene; Amandla okukhiqiza okuqala emhlabeni we-styrene monomer ne-MTBE; Amandla okukhiqiza e-TDI enza ama-14% omhlaba, akleliswe endaweni yesithathu emhlabeni; Umthamo wokukhiqiza i-ethylene wamathani ayizigidi ezingu-6.51/ngonyaka, umkhiqizi wesibili ngobukhulu eNyakatho Melika; Ngaphezu kwalokho, iLyondellBasell ingumkhiqizi wesibili we-HDPE kanye ne-LDPE eNyakatho Melika.
I-Lyander Basell Industries inesamba sezitshalo ezine-catalyst, ezimbili eJalimane (i-Ludwig ne-Frankfurt), eyodwa e-Italy (Ferrara) neyodwa e-United States (Edison, New Jersey). Le nkampani ingumhlinzeki ohamba phambili emhlabeni wama-PP catalysts, futhi ama-PP catalysts ayo enza i-1/3 yesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke; I-PE catalysts yenza u-10% wesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke.
3. Johnson Matthew
UJohnson Matthey wasungulwa ngo-1817 futhi unekomkhulu eLondon, eNgilandi. UJohnson Matthey ungumholi womhlaba kwezobuchwepheshe bezinto ezithuthukile ezinamayunithi amathathu ebhizinisi: Ubuchwepheshe Bemvelo, Imikhiqizo Yezinsimbi Eziyigugu kanye Namakhemikhali Amahle & Ama-Catalysts.
Imisebenzi esemqoka yaleli Qembu ihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezithuthukisa izimoto, ukukhiqizwa kweziphehlisi zezinjini zikadizili ezisindayo kanye nezinhlelo zazo zokulawula ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, izinto ezisiza amaseli kaphethiloli kanye nemishini yazo, ama-catalyst ezinqubo zamakhemikhali kanye nobuchwepheshe bawo, ukukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwamakhemikhali amahle kanye nemithi esebenzayo. izingxenye, ukucwengwa kukawoyela, ukucutshungulwa kwensimbi eyigugu, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezingulube nezindwangu zezimboni zengilazi neze-ceramic.
Embonini yokucwenga kanye namakhemikhali, uJohnson Matthey ukhiqiza ikakhulukazi i-methanol synthesis catalyst, i-synthetic ammonia catalyst, i-hydrogen catalyst yokukhiqiza, i-hydrogenation catalyst, i-catalyst yokuhlanza impahla eluhlaza, i-catalyst yangaphambi kokuguqulwa, i-steam conversion catalyst, i-catalyst yokuguqula izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, i-catalyst conversion, izinga lokushisa eliphansi i-catalyst, i-deVOC catalyst, i-deodorization catalyst, njll. Baqanjwa ngokuthi i-KATALCO, i-PURASPEC, i-HYTREAT, i-PURAVOC, i-Sponge Metal TM, i-HYDECAT, i-SMOPEX, i-ODORGARD, i-ACCENT nezinye izinhlobo.
Izinhlobo ze-Methanol catalyst yilezi: i-catalyst yokuhlanza, i-catalyst yangaphambi kokuguqulwa, i-catalyst yokuguqula umusi, i-gas conversion catalyst, ukuguqulwa kwezigaba ezimbili kanye ne-self-thermal conversion catalyst, i-catalyst yokuguqulwa kwesulfure, i-methanol synthesis catalyst.
Izinhlobo zama-synthetic ammonia catalysts yilezi: i-surance catalyst, i-catalyst yangaphambi kokuguqulwa, i-catalyst yokuguqulwa kwesiteji sokuqala, i-catalyst yokuguqulwa kwesigaba sesibili, i-catalyst yokuguqulwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, i-catalyst yokuguqula izinga lokushisa eliphansi, i-methanation catalyst, i-ammonia synthesis.
Izinhlobo zama-catalysts okukhiqiza i-hydrogen yilezi: i-surance catalyst, i-catalyst yangaphambi kokuguqulwa, i-steam conversion catalyst, i-catalyst yokuguqula izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, i-catalyst yokuguqula izinga lokushisa eliphansi, i-methanation catalyst.
I-PURASPEC brand catalysts ihlanganisa: i-desulfurization catalyst, i-catalyst yokususa i-mercury, i-deCOS catalyst, i-ultra-pure catalyst, i-hydrodesulfurization catalyst.
4. I-Haldor Topsoe, e-Denmark
I-Helder Topso yasungulwa ngo-1940 nguDkt. Hardetopso futhi namuhla iqashe cishe abantu abayi-1,700. Indlunkulu yayo, ilabhorethri yocwaningo emaphakathi kanye nesikhungo sobunjiniyela zitholakala eduze kwaseCopenhagen, eDenmark;
Inkampani izibophezele ocwaningweni lwesayensi, ekuthuthukisweni nasekuthengisweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zama-catalyst, futhi kuhilela ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi, nobunjiniyela nokwakhiwa kwemibhoshongo ye-catalytic;
I-Topsoe ikhiqiza ngokuyinhloko i-synthetic ammonia catalyst, i-catalyst yokuhlanza impahla eluhlaza, i-catalyst yezimoto, i-CO conversion catalyst, i-combustion catalyst, i-dimethyl ether catalyst (DME), i-denitrification catalyst (i-DeNOx), i-methanation catalyst, i-methanol catalyst, i-catalyst kawoyela evuselelayo i-acid catalyst, i-wet sulfuric acid (WSA) catalyst.
Ama-catalyst okucwenga uwoyela we-Topsoe ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa i-hydrotreating catalyst, i-hydrocracking catalyst kanye ne-pressure drop control catalyst. Phakathi kwazo, ama-catalysts e-hydrotreating angahlukaniswa abe yi-naphtha hydrotreating, i-hydrotreating yokucwenga uwoyela, i-sulphur ephansi kanye ne-ultra-low sulfur diesel hydrotreating kanye nama-catalysts e-FCC pretreatment ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kwe-catalysts yokucwenga uwoyela yenkampani inezinhlobo ezingu-44;
I-Topsoe inezitshalo ezimbili zokukhiqiza i-catalyst e-Denmark nase-United States enenani lemigqa yokukhiqiza engu-24.
5. Iqembu le-INOES
Yasungulwa ngo-1998, i-Ineos Group iyinkampani yamakhemikhali yesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni futhi ikhiqiza amakhemikhali e-petrochemicals, amakhemikhali akhethekile kanye nemikhiqizo ye-petroleum, ikomkhulu layo liseNingizimuampton, e-UK.
I-Ineos Group yaqala ukukhula ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990 ngokuthola izimpahla ezingezona ezibalulekile zezinye izinkampani, ngaleyo ndlela ingena ezinhlwini zabaholi bamakhemikhali bomhlaba.
Ububanzi bebhizinisi le-Ineos Group buhlanganisa imikhiqizo ye-petrochemical, amakhemikhali akhethekile nemikhiqizo kaphethiloli, phakathi kwayo i-ABS, i-HFC, i-phenol, i-acetone, i-melamine, i-acrylonitrile, i-acetonitrile, i-polystyrene neminye imikhiqizo ethatha isikhundla esiphambili emakethe yomhlaba. I-PVC, imikhiqizo ye-vulcanization, i-VAM, i-PVC composite, i-linear alpha olefin, i-ethylene oxide, i-formaldehyde nokuphuma kwayo, i-ethylene, i-polyethylene, uphethiloli, udizili, uphethiloli wendiza, uwoyela we-civil fuel neminye imikhiqizo isendaweni ehamba phambili emakethe yaseYurophu.
Ngo-2005 u-Ineos wathola i-Innovene kwa-BP futhi wangena ekukhiqizeni nasekukhangiseni ama-catalysts. Ibhizinisi le-catalyst lale nkampani lingele-Ineos Technologies, ehlinzeka ikakhulukazi ngama-polyolefin catalysts, ama-acrylonitrile catalysts, ama-maleic anhydride catalysts, ama-vinyl catalysts kanye nezixazululo zawo zobuchwepheshe.
Ama-polyolefin catalysts akhiqizwa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30, ehlinzeka ngezinto ezikhuthazayo, izinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe kanye nokwesekwa kwamathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-7.7 we-Innovene™ PE kanye namathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.3 wezitshalo ze-Innovene™ PP.
6. Amakhemikhali e-Mitsui
Yasungulwa ngo-1997, iMitsui Chemical iyinkampani yamakhemikhali edidiyelwe yesibili ngobukhulu eJapan ngemuva kweMitsubishi Chemical Corporation, futhi ingelinye labakhiqizi abahamba phambili emhlabeni bemikhiqizo ye-phenol, isopropyl alcohol, polyethylene kanye ne-polypropylene, enekomkhulu eTokyo, eJapan.
I-Mitsui Chemical ingumkhiqizi wamakhemikhali, izinto ezikhethekile nemikhiqizo ehlobene. Njengamanje ihlukaniswe yaba amayunithi ebhizinisi amathathu: Izinto Ezisebenzayo, Amakhemikhali Athuthukile, Namakhemikhali Ayisisekelo. Ibhizinisi layo elikhuthazayo liyingxenye yeNdlunkulu Yebhizinisi Lamakhemikhali Athuthukile; Ama-catalysts afaka i-olefin polymerization catalyst, i-molecular catalyst, i-heterogeneous catalyst, i-alkyl anthraquinone catalyst nokunye.
7, JGC C&C Day swing catalyst Formation Company
I-Nichiwa Catalyst & Chemicals Corporation, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Nichiwa Catalyst & Chemicals Corporation, yasungulwa ngoJulayi 1, 2008, ngokuhlanganisa ibhizinisi nezinsiza zezinkampani ezimbili eziphethwe ngokugcwele ze-Japan Nichiwa Corporation (JGC CORP, isifinyezo sesiShayina se-NIChiwa), Japan. I-Catalyst Chemical Corporation (CCIC) kanye ne-Nick Chemical Co., LTD. (NCC). Ikomkhulu iKawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
I-CCIC yasungulwa ngoJulayi 21, 1958, futhi ikomkhulu layo lihlala eKawasaki City, eKanagawa Prefecture, eJapan. Ikakhulukazi ibambe iqhaza ekukhiqizeni ama-catalysts, anezisusa zokucwenga i-petroleum njengesikhungo, imikhiqizo ihlanganisa ama-catalysts e-FCC, ama-catalysts we-hydrotreating, ama-denitrification (DeNox) ama-catalysts kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali emihle (izinto zokusetshenziswa zezimonyo, izinto ezibonakalayo, izinto zekristalu eziwuketshezi kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokubonisa. , izinto ze-semiconductor, njll.). I-NCC yasungulwa ngo-Agasti 18, 1952, nendlunkulu yayo eNiigata City, eNiigata Prefecture, eJapane. Ukuthuthukiswa okuyinhloko, ukukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwama-catalysts amakhemikhali, imikhiqizo ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa i-hydrogenation catalyst, i-dehydrogenation catalyst, i-alkali catalyst eqinile, ama-adsorbents okuhlanza igesi, njll. Izinto ze-Cathode kanye nezisusa zokuhlanza imvelo zamabhethri amasha.
Ngokusho kwemikhiqizo, inkampani ihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: i-catalyst, amakhemikhali amahle kanye nemvelo / amandla amasha. Le nkampani ikhiqiza futhi idayise ama-catalysts ahlanganisa ama-catalysts okucwengwa kukawoyela, ama-catalysts okucubungula i-petrochemical kanye nama-catalysts okuvikela imvelo.
Ama-catalyst okuhluza ama-FCC ikakhulukazi ama-catalysts e-FCC kanye nama-catalysts enqubo ye-hydrogenation, akamuva ahlanganisa ama-hydrofining, ama-hydrotreating kanye nama-hydrocracking catalysts; Ama-chemical catalysts ahlanganisa i-petrochemical catalyst, i-hydrogenation catalyst, i-syngas conversion catalyst, i-catalyst carrier ne-zeolite; Izinto ezikhuthaza ukuvikelwa kwemvelo zifaka: imikhiqizo ehlobene nendawo ezungezile, ama-catalysts e-flue gas denitrification, ama-oxidation catalysts nezinto zokwelashwa kokukhipha umoya wemoto, izinto zokuqeda iphunga/i-antibacterial, i-VOC adsorption/decomposition catalysts, njll.
I-denitration catalyst yenkampani inesabelo semakethe esingu-80% e-Europe kanye nesabelo semakethe esingu-70% e-United States, futhi sibala ngaphezu kuka-60% wezinto ezivimbela ugesi emhlabeni wonke.
8. SINOPEC Catalyst Co., LTD
I-Sinopec Catalyst Co., LTD., inkampani ephethwe ngokuphelele ye-Sinopec Corporation, iyindikimba eyinhloko enesibopho sokukhiqiza, ukuthengisa kanye nokuphathwa kwebhizinisi le-catalyst le-Sinopec, elibhekele ukutshalwa kwezimali nokusebenza kwebhizinisi elikhuthazayo le-Sinopec, futhi liqhuba ukuphathwa kochwepheshe amabhizinisi okukhiqiza ama-catalyst enkampani.
I-Sinopec Catalyst Co., Ltd. ingenye yabakhiqizi abakhulu kakhulu emhlabeni, abahlinzeki nabahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zokucwenga kanye nama-catalysts amakhemikhali. Ngokuthembela ocwaningweni oluqinile lwasekhaya lwe-Institute of Petrochemical Science kanye neFushun Petrochemical Research Institute, inkampani iyaqhubeka nokwandisa imakethe yasekhaya neyomhlaba jikelele. Imikhiqizo ye-Catalyst ihlanganisa i-catalyst yokucwenga uwoyela, i-polyolefin catalyst, i-basic organic raw material catalyst, i-catalyst yamakhemikhali wamalahle, i-catalyst yokuvikela imvelo, ezinye izisusa nezinye izigaba eziyisi-6. Ngenkathi ihlangabezana nesidingo semakethe yasekhaya, imikhiqizo iphinde ithunyelwe eYurophu, eMelika, e-Asia, e-Afrika nakwezinye izimakethe zomhlaba.
Isizinda sokukhiqiza sisatshalaliswa kakhulu ezifundazweni nasemadolobhaneni ayisithupha, okuhlanganisa iBeijing, iShanghai, iHunan, iShandong, iLiaoning neJiangsu, kanti le mikhiqizo ihlanganisa imikhakha emithathu ekhuthazayo: ukucwengwa kukawoyela, imboni yamakhemikhali nezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyisisekelo. Inamayunithi angu-8 aphethwe ngokuphelele, amayunithi okubamba ama-2, iyunithi yokuphatha ephathisiwe e-1, izikhungo zokuthengisa nezinsiza zasekhaya ezi-4, kanye namahhovisi amele phesheya kwezilwandle angu-4.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-17-2023
