i-molecular sieve iyisici esinezimbobo ezinezimbobo ezincane kakhulu ezinosayizi ofanayo. Isebenza njengesisefo sasekhishini, ngaphandle kwesikali samangqamuzana, sihlukanisa izingxube zegesi eziqukethe ama-molecule anosayizi omningi. Ama-molecule amancane kunezimbotshana kuphela angadlula; kuyilapho, ama-molecule amakhulu avinjiwe. Uma ama-molecule ofuna ukuwahlukanisa enobukhulu obufanayo, isisefo samangqamuzana singaphinde sihlukaniswe nge-polarity. Amasefa asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene njengokususwa kwama-desiccant umswakama futhi asiza ukuvikela ukuwohloka kwemikhiqizo.
Izinhlobo zezisefo zamangqamuzana
Izisefo ze-molecular ziza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ezifana ne-3A, 4A, 5A kanye ne-13X. Amanani ezinombolo achaza ubukhulu bembotshana kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwesisefo. Ama-ion e-potassium, i-sodium, ne-calcium ayashintshwa ekubunjweni kwawo ukulawula ubukhulu bembobo. Kunezinombolo ezihlukene zama-meshes kumasefa ahlukene. Isisefo samangqamuzana esinenani elincane lamameshi sisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa amagesi, kanti enye enezikhala eziningi isetshenziselwa uketshezi. Eminye imingcele ebalulekile yezisefo zamangqamuzana ihlanganisa ifomu (impuphu noma ubuhlalu), ukuminyana ngobuningi, amazinga e-pH, amazinga okushisa okuvuselela (ukwenza kusebenze), umswakama, njll.
Isihlungi se-Molecular vs. Silica Gel
Ijeli ye-silica ingasetshenziswa futhi njengomswakama osusa i-desiccant kodwa ihluke kakhulu ku-sieve yamangqamuzana. Izici ezihlukene ezingacatshangelwa ngenkathi kukhethwa phakathi kwakho kokubili izinketho zokuhlanganisa, izinguquko kumfutho, amazinga omswakama, amandla emishini, izinga lokushisa, njll. Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwesisefo samangqamuzana nejeli ye-silica yilezi:
Izinga le-adsorption yesisefo se-molecular likhulu kunelejeli ye-silica. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isisefo siyinto eyomisa ngokushesha.
Isisefo samangqamuzana sisebenza kangcono kunejeli ye-silica emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, njengoba inokwakheka okufanayo okuhlanganisa amanzi kakhulu.
Emazingeni oMswakamo ophansi, amandla wesisefo semolekyuli angcono kakhulu kunalawo ejeli ye-silica.
Isakhiwo se-molecular sieve sichazwa futhi sinezimbotshana ezifanayo, kuyilapho ukwakheka kwejeli ye-silica kuyi-amorphous kanye nama-pores amaningi angajwayelekile.
Ungawavula Kanjani Ama-Sieves Emolekyuli
Ukuze uvule izisefo zamangqamuzana, imfuneko eyisisekelo ukuchayeka emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kakhulu, futhi ukushisa kufanele kuphakame ngokwanele ukuze i-adsorbate ihwamuke. Izinga lokushisa lingahluka ngezinto ezikhangiswayo kanye nohlobo lwe-adsorbent. Izinga lokushisa elingashintshi elingu-170-315oC (338-600oF) lizodingeka ezinhlotsheni zezisefo okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili. Kokubili okokusebenza okukhangiswayo, kanye ne-adsorbent kushiselwa ngaleli zinga lokushisa. Ukomisa nge-vacuum kuyindlela esheshayo yokwenza lokhu futhi kudinga amazinga okushisa aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nokomisa ilangabi.
Uma sezicushiwe, izisefo zingagcinwa esitsheni sengilazi neparafilm esongwe kabili. Lokhu kuzozigcina zisebenza kuze kube yizinyanga eziyisithupha. Ukuhlola ukuthi izisefo ziyasebenza yini, ungawabamba ngesandla ngenkathi ugqoke amagilavu bese wengeza amanzi kuwo. Uma zisebenza ngokuphelele, izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kakhulu, futhi ngeke ukwazi ukubabamba ngisho nalapho ugqoke amagilavu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwempahla yokuphepha efana nekhithi ye-PPE, amagilavu, nezibuko zokuphepha kuyatuswa njengoba inqubo yokusebenzisa izisefo zamamolekyuli ihlanganisa ukubhekana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu namakhemikhali, kanye nezingozi ezihlobene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-30-2023
